Delta-4: Definition and Design of an open Dependable Distributed Architecture
From Navigators
- Research Line(s): Fault and Intrusion Tolerance in Open Distributed Systems (FIT), Timeliness and Adaptation in Dependable Systems (TADS)
- Sponsor: CEC-DGXIII, Esprit
- Coordinator: Ferranti Computer Systems Ltd
- Start Date: Mar. 1986
- Duration: 69 months
- Keywords: Delta-4
- Team at INESC: 6 researchers, including Paulo Verissimo, Luís Rodrigues, José Rufino
Aims
The aim of the Delta-4 project was to provide a computational and communication infrastructure for application domains that require distributed system solutions with various dependability and real-time constraints. The scale of distribution in the targeted application domains is commensurate with the distances that can be covered by local area networks.
Achievements
The Delta-4 project, which ran for 5 years (1986-91) with around 40 Mio Euro funding, is considered one of the most relevant European projects to date, having launched seminal research in fault tolerance in open distributed computing, using modular COTS systems, a pioneering achievement that left an indelible mark in the way F/T systems are designed today.
A seminal publication in the fault tolerance flagship conference FTCS (nowadays DSN):
- D. Powell, D. Seaton, G. Bonn, Paulo Verissimo, F. Waeselynck, "The Delta-4 Approach to Dependability in Open Distributed Computing Systems", in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing (FTCS), pp. 246-251, June 1988., Jun. 1988.
has introduced the main features of DELTA-4: the innovative architecture, dependability model and implementation approaches. The paper introduced many concepts and laid down fundamental advancements in the theory and practice of fault-tolerant computing, which are now commonly used in many current dependable systems. It inspired further seminal research inside the project consortium itself, as well as inspiring many researchers and practitioners.
A brief summary of the s.o.t.a. advances reported in the paper can be found in the Delta-4 press release.
A full account of the results of Delta-4 was cast in book in 1991, and is made available below, provided the users respect the copyright notice in http://www.navigators.di.fc.ul.pt/wiki/Publications.
- Chapter 1
- Chapter 2
- Chapter 3
- Chapter 4
- Chapter 5
- Chapter 6
- Chapter 7
- Chapter 8
- Chapter 9
- Chapter 10
- Chapter 11
- Chapter 12
- Chapter 13
- Chapter 14
- Chapter 15
Publications
- Luís Rodrigues, M. Guimarães, José Rufino, “Fault-Tolerant Clock Synchronization in CAN”, in Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, Madrid, Spain, Dec. 1998.
- Luís Rodrigues, Paulo Verissimo, António Casimiro, “Using atomic broadcast to implement a posteriori agreement for clock synchronization”, in October 1993. Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems. Princeton, New Jersey, USA, Oct. 1993.
- Luís Rodrigues, Paulo Verissimo, “xAMp: a Multi-primitive Group Communications Service”, in October 1992. Proceedings of the 11th Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, Houston, Texas, USA, Oct. 1992.
- Sérgio Melro, Paulo Verissimo, “Real-Time and Dependability Comparison of Delta-4/XPA and MARS systems”, Missing institution, Tech. Rep., Jan. 1992. January 1992. INESC, Lisboa, Portugal
- Luís Rodrigues, Paulo Verissimo, “xAMp, a protocol suite for group communication”, Missing institution, Tech. Rep., Jan. 1992. January 1992. INESC, Lisboa, Portugal
- Paulo Verissimo, P. A. Barrett, P. G. Bond, A. M. Hilborne, Luís Rodrigues, D. Seaton, “The Extra Performance Architecture (XPA)”, in DELTA-4 - A Generic Architecture for Dependable Distributed Computing, David Powell, Eds., ser. ESPRIT Research Reports. Springer Verlag, Nov. 1991, ch. 9, pp. 211–266.
- Paulo Verissimo, José Rufino, Henrique Fonseca, Luís Rodrigues, “The performance of the xAMP protocol on Token-Bus and FDDI NAC's”, INESC, Tech. Rep. RT/101-91, Nov. 1991.
- Paulo Verissimo, Luís Rodrigues, José Rufino, “The Atomic Multicast protocol (AMp)”, in DELTA-4 - A Generic Architecture for Dependable Distributed Computing, David Powell, Eds., ser. ESPRIT Research Reports. Springer Verlag, Nov. 1991, ch. 10, pp. 267–294.
- P. G. Bond, D. Seaton, Paulo Verissimo, “Real-time Concepts”, in DELTA-4 - A Generic Architecture for Dependable Distributed Computing, David Powell, Eds., ser. ESPRIT Research Reports. Springer Verlag, Nov. 1991, ch. 5, pp. 89–124.
- David Powell, Paulo Verissimo, “Distributed fault-tolerance”, in DELTA-4 - A Generic Architecture for Dependable Distributed Computing, David Powell, Eds., ser. ESPRIT Research Reports. Springer Verlag, Nov. 1991, ch. 6.
- Paulo Verissimo, José Rufino, Luís Rodrigues, “Enforcing real-time behaviour of LAN-based protocols”, in Proceedings of the 10th IFAC Workshop on Distributed Computer Control Systems. Semmering, Austria, September 1991., Sept. 1991.
- Luís Rodrigues, Paulo Verissimo, “A posteriori Agreement for Clock Synchronization on Broadcast Networks”, Missing institution, Tech. Rep., Mar. 1991. March 1991 (Revised, March 1992). INESC, Lisboa, Portugal
- Paulo Verissimo, Luís Rodrigues, “Reliable multicasting in high-speed lans”, in High-Capacity Local and Metropolitan Area Networks, ser. NATO ASI. Springer Verlag, Jan. 1991, vol. F72, pp. 397–412.
- P. A. Barrett, P. G. Bond, A. M. Hilborne, Luís Rodrigues, D. Seaton, N. A. Speirs, Paulo Verissimo, “The Delta-4 Extra Performance Architecture (XPA)”, in From the Digest of Papers, The 20th International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing (FTCS), pp. 481-488, June 1990., Jun. 1990.
- Paulo Verissimo, Luís Rodrigues, Mário Baptista, “AMp: A Highly Parallel Atomic Multicast Protocol”, in September 1989. Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOM'89 Symposium, Austin, USA, Sept. 1989.
- Carlos Almeida, Nuno Guimarães, “The Quasi-Synchronous approach to Distributed Real-Time Databases”, in September 1989. Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOM'89 Symposium, Austin, USA, Sept. 1989.
- Mário Baptista, Luís Rodrigues, Paulo Verissimo, “AtomicMaze: Implementing a distributed computer game using AMp”, Missing institution, Tech. Rep., Mar. 1989. March 1989. INESC, Lisboa, Portugal
- D. Powell, D. Seaton, G. Bonn, Paulo Verissimo, F. Waeselynck, “The Delta-4 Approach to Dependability in Open Distributed Computing Systems”, in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing (FTCS), pp. 246-251, June 1988., Jun. 1988. Please visit the Delta-4 project web page (http://www.navigators.di.fc.ul.pt/wiki/Project:Delta-4) for further information"
BibTeX
Navigators - Delta-4 projectCurrent projects: | VEDLIoT, SATO, ADMORPH, SEAL, AQUAMON, UPVN, REDBOOK, ThreatAdapt, SEL, Xivt |
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Past projects: | TCLOUDS, MASSIF, MAFTIA, RESIST NoE, DiSIEM, KARYON, HIDENETS, CORTEX, CRUTIAL, TRONE, SITAN, ReD, IRCoC, DIVERSE, CloudFIT, READAPT, REGENESYS, RC-Clouds, TACID, DARIO, RITAS, AJECT, MICRA, DEAR-COTS, COPE, DEFEATS, MOOSCO, TOPCOM, RE:DY, NORTH, Abyss, SUPERCLOUD, COST Action IC1402, SEGRID, BioBankCloud, SAPIENT, PROPHECY, SecFuNet, FTH-Grid, AIR-II, AIR, ESFORS, CaberNet, GODC, BROADCAST, CoDiCom, Delta-4, RAPTOR |