Delta-4: Definition and Design of an open Dependable Distributed Architecture
From Navigators
- Research Line(s): Fault and Intrusion Tolerance in Open Distributed Systems (FIT), Timeliness and Adaptation in Dependable Systems (TADS)
- Sponsor: CEC-DGXIII, Esprit
- Coordinator: Ferranti Computer Systems Ltd
- Start Date: Mar. 1986
- Duration: 69 months
- Keywords: Delta-4
- Team at FCUL: 6 researchers, including
The Delta-4 project is concerned with the achievement of dependability in open distributed systems, including real-time systems. The project has developed a distributed fault-tolerant architecture for the support of dependable applications for computer integrated manufacturing, process control, office systems, etc.
Aims
The aim of the Delta-4 project is to provide a computational and communication infrastructure for application domains that require distributed system solutions with various dependability and real-time constraints. The scale of distribution in the targetted application domains is commensurate with the distances that can be covered by local area networks.
Approach and Methods
To be able to satisfy a large range of application requirements in a cost-effective manner, the Delta-4 architecture can provide various degrees of dependability and performance. Fault-tolerance is based on the replication of components of run-time software. Replicas are allocated to distinct nodes of a local area network.
The Delta-4 architecture offers two variants (both based on sub-systems presenting a high degree of commonality):
(a) the Delta-4 Open System Architecture (D4-OSA) which, as its name suggests, is an open architecture able to accommodate heterogeneity,
(b) the Delta-4 Extra Performance Architecture (D4-XPA) which provides explicit support for assuring timeliness.
Progress and Results
The project has developed and demonstrated prototypes of the architecture at yearly intervals throughout the project. Two pilot demonstrators were implemented: a payment card authorization centre (Credit Agricole) and a computer-integrated manufacturing system for the Renault automobile company. The project ended in December 1991.
Publications
- Luís Rodrigues, M. Guimarães, José Rufino, “Fault-Tolerant Clock Synchronization in CAN”, in Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, Madrid, Spain, Dec. 1998.
- Luís Rodrigues, Paulo Verissimo, António Casimiro, “Using atomic broadcast to implement a posteriori agreement for clock synchronization”, in October 1993. Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems. Princeton, New Jersey, USA, Oct. 1993.
- Luís Rodrigues, Paulo Verissimo, “xAMp: a Multi-primitive Group Communications Service”, in October 1992. Proceedings of the 11th Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, Houston, Texas, USA, Oct. 1992.
- Luís Rodrigues, Paulo Verissimo, “xAMp, a protocol suite for group communication”, Missing institution, Tech. Rep., Jan. 1992. January 1992. INESC, Lisboa, Portugal
- Sérgio Melro, Paulo Verissimo, “Real-Time and Dependability Comparison of Delta-4/XPA and MARS systems”, Missing institution, Tech. Rep., Jan. 1992. January 1992. INESC, Lisboa, Portugal
- Paulo Verissimo, José Rufino, Henrique Fonseca, Luís Rodrigues, “The performance of the xAMP protocol on Token-Bus and FDDI NAC's”, INESC, Tech. Rep. RT/101-91, Nov. 1991.
- Paulo Verissimo, Luís Rodrigues, José Rufino, “The Atomic Multicast protocol (AMp)”, in DELTA-4 - A Generic Architecture for Dependable Distributed Computing, David Powell, Eds., ser. ESPRIT Research Reports. Springer Verlag, Nov. 1991, ch. 10, pp. 267–294.
- P. G. Bond, D. Seaton, Paulo Verissimo, “Real-time Concepts”, in DELTA-4 - A Generic Architecture for Dependable Distributed Computing, David Powell, Eds., ser. ESPRIT Research Reports. Springer Verlag, Nov. 1991, ch. 5, pp. 89–124.
- David Powell, Paulo Verissimo, “Distributed fault-tolerance”, in DELTA-4 - A Generic Architecture for Dependable Distributed Computing, David Powell, Eds., ser. ESPRIT Research Reports. Springer Verlag, Nov. 1991, ch. 6.
- Paulo Verissimo, P. A. Barrett, P. G. Bond, A. M. Hilborne, Luís Rodrigues, D. Seaton, “The Extra Performance Architecture (XPA)”, in DELTA-4 - A Generic Architecture for Dependable Distributed Computing, David Powell, Eds., ser. ESPRIT Research Reports. Springer Verlag, Nov. 1991, ch. 9, pp. 211–266.
- Paulo Verissimo, José Rufino, Luís Rodrigues, “Enforcing real-time behaviour of LAN-based protocols”, in Proceedings of the 10th IFAC Workshop on Distributed Computer Control Systems. Semmering, Austria, September 1991., Sept. 1991.
- Luís Rodrigues, Paulo Verissimo, “A posteriori Agreement for Clock Synchronization on Broadcast Networks”, Missing institution, Tech. Rep., Mar. 1991. March 1991 (Revised, March 1992). INESC, Lisboa, Portugal
- Paulo Verissimo, Luís Rodrigues, “Reliable multicasting in high-speed lans”, in High-Capacity Local and Metropolitan Area Networks, ser. NATO ASI. Springer Verlag, Jan. 1991, vol. F72, pp. 397–412.
- P. A. Barrett, P. G. Bond, A. M. Hilborne, Luís Rodrigues, D. Seaton, N. A. Speirs, Paulo Verissimo, “The Delta-4 Extra Performance Architecture (XPA)”, in From the Digest of Papers, The 20th International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing (FTCS), pp. 481-488, June 1990., Jun. 1990.
- Paulo Verissimo, Luís Rodrigues, Mário Baptista, “AMp: A Highly Parallel Atomic Multicast Protocol”, in September 1989. Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOM'89 Symposium, Austin, USA, Sept. 1989.
- Carlos Almeida, Nuno Guimarães, “The Quasi-Synchronous approach to Distributed Real-Time Databases”, in September 1989. Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOM'89 Symposium, Austin, USA, Sept. 1989.
- Mário Baptista, Luís Rodrigues, Paulo Verissimo, “AtomicMaze: Implementing a distributed computer game using AMp”, Missing institution, Tech. Rep., Mar. 1989. March 1989. INESC, Lisboa, Portugal
- D. Powell, D. Seaton, G. Bonn, Paulo Verissimo, F. Waeselynck, “The Delta-4 Approach to Dependability in Open Distributed Computing Systems”, in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing (FTCS), pp. 246-251, June 1988., Jun. 1988. Please visit the Delta-4 project web page (http://www.navigators.di.fc.ul.pt/wiki/Project:Delta-4) for further information"
BibTeX
Navigators - Delta-4 projectCurrent projects: | VEDLIoT, SATO, ADMORPH, SEAL, AQUAMON, UPVN, REDBOOK, ThreatAdapt, SEL, Xivt |
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Past projects: | TCLOUDS, MASSIF, MAFTIA, RESIST NoE, DiSIEM, KARYON, HIDENETS, CORTEX, CRUTIAL, TRONE, SITAN, ReD, IRCoC, DIVERSE, CloudFIT, READAPT, REGENESYS, RC-Clouds, TACID, DARIO, RITAS, AJECT, MICRA, DEAR-COTS, COPE, DEFEATS, MOOSCO, TOPCOM, RE:DY, NORTH, Abyss, SUPERCLOUD, COST Action IC1402, SEGRID, BioBankCloud, SAPIENT, PROPHECY, SecFuNet, FTH-Grid, AIR-II, AIR, ESFORS, CaberNet, GODC, BROADCAST, CoDiCom, Delta-4, RAPTOR |